Security News Bulletin - October 2026

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Node.js Brotli Decoder Vulnerability

CVE-2026-111497

Published: 2026-10-22 
Updated: 2026-10-23  

Vendor: Google 
Product: Brotli

Attack Tags: Remote Code Execution, Buffer Overflow, Out-of-Bounds Write, Memory Corruption, Node.js

Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.2)

What Is CVE-2026-111497?
 

CVE-2026-111497 is an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the Google Brotli decoder, used by Node.js to process Brotli-compressed data. A remote, unauthenticated attacker may exploit the flaw using specially crafted compressed input, potentially causing memory corruption, sensitive information disclosure, denial of service, or arbitrary code execution. 

Affected Versions 

  • Affected from 1.0.3 before 1.0.10 
  • Affected from 1.1.0 before 1.1.1 
  • Affected from 1.2.0 before 1.2.1  

Observed Attack Activity 

A public proof of concept (PoC) has been released. Imperva researchers demonstrated successful code execution against a vulnerable Node.js build using crafted Brotli data. 

Widespread real-world exploitation has not been confirmed in the sources reviewed. 

 Indicators of Compromise are: 

  • Malformed Brotli-compressed data delivered through HTTP requests with Content-Encoding: br.
  • Unexpected Node.js process crashes, segmentation faults, or repeated container restarts.
  • Abnormal memory usage or decoder errors following decompression of untrusted data.
  • Unexpected child-process execution, suspicious outbound connections, or unauthorized file changes after a crash.

Additional Resources  

  1. Official CVE Record — CVE.org 
    https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-111497 

  2. National Vulnerability Database 
    https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/cve-2026-111497 

  3. Node.js Security Advisory 
    https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/october-2026-security-releases 


PHP RCE via OOM corruption Vulnerability

CVE-2026-109618

Published: 2026-10-21 
Updated: 2026-10-21  

Vendor: PHP Group 
Product: PHP

Attack Tags: Remote Code Execution (RCE), Use After Free, Memory Corruption, Out-of-Memory (OOM), Unauthenticated Attack, PHP-FPM, Web Server Security, PHP2Shell

Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.2)

What Is CVE-2026-109618?
 

CVE-2026-109618 is a critical remote code execution vulnerability in PHP, sometimes referred to as part of the “PHP2Shell” vulnerabilities. It arises when PHP encounters an out-of-memory (OOM) condition during request processing and leaves internal request data partially initialized. During request cleanup, PHP may incorrectly access this data, potentially causing memory corruption and allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code remotely without authentication. 

The vulnerability affects PHP itself rather than a specific content management system, so websites and applications running vulnerable PHP versions may be exposed, including deployments using PHP-FPM, Apache mod_php, and other PHP server interfaces 

Affected Versions 

  • Affected from 8.2.* before 8.2.35 
  • Affected from 8.3.* before 8.3.36 
  • Affected from 8.4.* before 8.4.27 
  • Affected from 8.5.* before 8.5.12  

Observed Attack Activity 

  • Exploitation attempts reported: Patchstack reported multiple exploitation incidents to hosting partners on October 21, 2026, before the official patch release.
  • Network-level attack reports: Cloudflare reported early attacks and deployed Web Application Firewall (WAF) protections.
  • Public PoCs: Exploit code and technical details became publicly available before the coordinated security release.
  • Confirmed compromise status: The extent of successful exploitation remains unclear; reports of attempts do not establish that every targeted server was compromised.

 Indicators of Compromise are: 

  • Suspicious or oversized HTTP POST requests using multipart/form-data.
  • Unexpected PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS fields in requests.
  • Repeated PHP memory-exhaustion errors, crashes, or PHP-FPM worker restarts.
  • Unexpected shell/process execution initiated by PHP.
  • Suspicious file changes, web shells, or outbound network connections.
  • Requests originating from known suspicious IP addresses associated with exploitation attempts.

Potential Impact of Successful Exploitation: 

  • Remote Code Execution (RCE): Execute arbitrary code on the vulnerable server.
  • Data Theft: Access sensitive application data, credentials, and tokens.
  • Server Compromise: Modify files, install web shells, or deploy malware.
  • Database Access: Read or manipulate databases, depending on permissions.
  • Lateral Movement: Use the compromised server to target connected systems.
  • Service Disruption: Interrupt website or application availability.

Additional Resources  

  1. Official CVE Record – CVE.org 
    https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-109618 

  2. National Vulnerability Database (NVD) 
    https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/cve-2026-109618 

  3. Github.com 
    https://github.com/php/php-src/security/advisories/GHSA-w8hw-w9fx-j79w 


PHP RCE via stale global state Vulnerability

CVE-2026-109619

Published: 2026-10-21 
Updated: 2026-10-21  

Vendor: PHP Group 
Product: PHP

Attack Tags: Remote Code Execution, Use-After-Free, Memory Corruption, Unauthenticated Attack, PHP Runtime, PHP-FPM, Web Server Compromise, Sensitive Memory Disclosure, PHP2Shell.

Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.2)

What Is CVE-2026-109619?
 

CVE-2026-109619 is a critical vulnerability in the PHP runtime caused by improper handling of internal global state that references request memory. In certain circumstances, PHP retains a reference to memory after that memory has been freed. A subsequent request handled by the same worker may access this stale memory before it is correctly initialized. 

Affected Versions 

  • affected from 8.2.* before 8.2.35 
  • affected from 8.3.* before 8.3.36 
  • affected from 8.4.* before 8.4.27 
  • affected from 8.5.* before 8.5.12  

Observed Attack Activity 

Amazon Threat Intelligence identified an attempted PHP2Shell exploit dating to October 17, 2026, before public disclosure. 

Researchers have published technical details and proof-of-concept demonstrations. 

Cloudflare reported deploying WAF protections against the PHP2Shell vulnerabilities. 

 Indicators of Compromise are: 

  • Suspicious multipart POST requests containing PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS and attacker-controlled PHPSESSID values.
  • Unexpected PHP-FPM crashes, errors, or child-process execution.
  • Unusual file modifications, web-shell creation, or outbound network connections.

Additional Resources  

  1. Official CVE Record – CVE.org 
    https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-109619 

  2. National Vulnerability Database (NVD) 
    https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/cve-2026-109619 

  3. Github.com 
    https://github.com/php/php-src/security/advisories/GHSA-6wmf-4rv5-p3rp 


TYPO3 Shop Payment Notification Vulnerability

CVE-2026-113468

Published: 2026-10-20 
Updated: 2026-10-20  

Vendor: TYPO3 
Product: Extension "TYPO3 Shop by coding.ms"

Attack Tags: Broken Access Control, Payment Notification Manipulation, Unauthorized Data Modification, Unauthenticated Attack, E-commerce Security.

Severity: Medium (CVSS 6.9)

What Is CVE-2026-113468?
 

CVE-2026-113468 is a broken access control vulnerability in the TYPO3 Shop extension developed by coding.ms (codingms/shop). The flaw allows an unauthenticated website visitor to overwrite stored payment notifications associated with unpaid orders. This could interfere with payment processing workflows and undermine the integrity of order-payment records. 

Affected Versions 

  • affected from 6.0.0 before 6.3.0 
  • affected from 5.0.0 before 5.21.1 
  • affected from 0 before 4.9.4  

Observed Attack Activity 

As of October 20, 2026, no confirmed real-world exploitation has been identified in the sources reviewed. 

Additional Resources  

  1. Official CVE Record – CVE.org 
    https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-113468 

  2. Typo3 Security Advisory 
    https://news.typo3.com/security/advisory/typo3-ext-sa-2026-036 

  3. National Vulnerability Database (NVD) 
    https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/cve-2026-113468 


TYPO3 Shop Order Cancellation Vulnerability

CVE-2026-112071

Published: 2026-10-20 
Updated: 2026-10-20  

Vendor: TYPO3 
Product: Extension "TYPO3 Shop by coding.ms"

Attack Tags: Broken Access Control, Missing Authorization, Unauthenticated Attack, Unauthorized Order Cancellation, E-commerce Security, Order Manipulation.

Severity: Medium (CVSS 6.9)

What Is CVE-2026-112071?
 

CVE-2026-112071 is a broken access control vulnerability in the TYPO3 Shop extension by coding.ms (codingms/shop). The order cancellation function accepts an order identifier from a request without verifying whether the requester owns the order. 

As a result, an unauthenticated visitor may cancel another customer's order that is still awaiting payment, potentially disrupting order fulfilment and causing business losses. Orders that have already been paid are not affected by this specific vulnerability 

Affected Versions 

  • affected from 6.0.0 before 6.3.0
  • affected from 5.0.0 before 5.21.1
  • affected from 0 before 4.9.4  

Observed Attack Activity 

A public proof-of-concept (PoC) was reported on October 21, 2026. However, the available vulnerability tracking data reports no confirmed exploitation in the wild and no CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) listing. 

Organizations using the affected extension should update to a fixed release and monitor order records for unexpected cancellations, particularly orders awaiting payment. 

 Indicators of Compromise: 

  • Pending-payment orders changed to cancelled without a legitimate customer request.
  • Requests to the TYPO3 Shop order-cancellation function containing order identifiers that do not belong to the requester.
  • Order-cancellation actions initiated by visitors who are not authenticated or authorized to manage the order.
  • Multiple requests targeting different order IDs from the same IP address or session.
  • Reports of unpaid orders being cancelled without the customer's knowledge.

Additional Resources  

  1. Official CVE Record — CVE.org 
    https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-112071 

  2. TYPO3 Security Advisory 
    https://news.typo3.com/security/advisory/typo3-ext-sa-2026-036 

  3. National Vulnerability Database 
    https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/cve-2026-112071

Microsoft 365 Copilot Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

CVE-2026-85885

Published: 2026-09-17 
Updated: 2026-10-14  

Vendor: Microsoft 
Product: Microsoft 365 Copilot

Attack Tags: Command Injection, exclusively-hosted-service, Privilege Escalation, Insufficient Input Neutralization, Authenticated Attack, Cloud Service Security.

Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.9)

What Is CVE-2026-85885?
 

CVE-2026-85885 is a critical-severity command injection vulnerability affecting Microsoft 365 Copilot. The vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of special elements used in a command. An authorized attacker could exploit the flaw over a network to elevate privileges, potentially gaining access to actions or resources beyond their intended permissions. The published CVSS vector indicates that the attack requires low privileges, but no user interaction, and could have a high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. 

Affected Versions 

Not specified in the available CVE record / Microsoft security update 

Observed Attack Activity 

As of October 20, 2026, no confirmed active exploitation has been reported in the sources reviewed. CISA's vulnerability enrichment records exploitation as “none” and indicates that automated exploitation is not currently expected. However, the vulnerability's critical severity and potential impact make timely remediation important. 

Note: This vulnerability has already been fully mitigated by Microsoft. There is no action for users of this service to take. The purpose of this CVE is to provide further transparency. 

Additional Resources  

  1. Official CVE Record — CVE.org 
    https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-85885 

  2. Microsoft Security Updates 
    https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-85885 

  3. National Vulnerability Database 
    https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/cve-2026-85885 

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